The Hijab Essay Example

The Hijab Essay The Hijab is the outer cloak worn by a Muslim woman to cover her hair. The general perception of the hijab throughout the western world is that the hijab symbolizes a woman who is oppressed and without a voice and needs liberation. This is one perception and is often misguided and based on misconceptions that hide and distort the truth behind the hijab. The preconceived notion that all Muslim women who wear the hijab are oppressed is highly problematic.First, it ignores the large number of Muslim women who wear the hijab on their own terms and second it uses a piece of a garment as an indicator to figure out which women are oppressed and which are not. The Hijab is at a basic level an outward expression of a Muslim woman’s inner belief. The hijab may in reality be a symbol of liberation for Muslim women as it is their personal choice to wear it. The view of the Hijab being a tool of oppression among western civilizations has been challenged by Muslim women of all ages and back grounds through adopting the Hijab and defending their right to wear the Hijab.Often in the face of criticism by many political figures in attempting to ban the wearing of headscarfs at school for example, as seen recently in France. Many women argued that far from being a tool of oppression they saw the hijab as a tool of liberation. Too often, the image of a covered woman is used to represent what much of the western world views as oppressive. Her very existence is described in terms that convey ignorance and unhappiness.Words like â€Å"beaten down,† â€Å"repressed† and â€Å"oppressed† are used by the Western media in an attempt to convince the readers that women in Islam have no rights and are relegated to second class citizens. Descriptive and intrinsically oppressive terms such as â€Å"shrouded† and â€Å"shackled† are used to portray an image of women who have no autonomy and who are the slaves or possessions of their husbands and fathers . It is claimed that over 1400 years ago, Islam raised the status of women from a position of oppression to one of liberation and equality.In an era when women were considered possessions, Islam is said to have restored women to a position of dignity. The general perception of Islam and its views of women is presently not a positive one, especially through recent media attention with terms like Islamophobia. Any form of openly displayed Islam must be fundamental or extremist. Wearing a Hijab is therefore seen as an open expression of an extreme religious belief. Opposition to the hijab has often been reactive rather than responding to the real issues and making rules that in themselves can be oppressive for the very women they are designed to liberate.Muslim women wear the hijab because in the Qur’an it says â€Å"And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof. † There is however, no clear rules on a uniform that must be worn as a Muslim woman. What is â€Å"modest clothing? † For Muslim women, â€Å"modest clothing† may mean a multitude of different things. For some, it will mean a burqa. For others, modesty means loose clothing and a head-cover. For others, loose clothing that does not reveal cleavage, arms and legs is modest.The burqa satisfies these requirements from the Qur’an which is why it is worn. People innately have different perceptions, different ideas and ways. Diverse levels of intellect, foresight, education and environment are all among the factors which make Muslims interestingly different. To put it simply; its the way in which Muslims have been created as was stated in the Quran and this results in the many issues we see surrounding Muslims. The differences between religions and beliefs should lead us to learn and experience, to reach out in understanding and use o ur wisdom to remain open minded.The fact that a woman may want to cover herself should not lead to political and social injustice. Surprisingly, choosing to wear the Hijab is not something done on a whim, imagine a change that will affect your every interaction with society, it will lead you to be stereotyped and quite often looked down upon. Contrary to common beliefs, Muslim women claim covering themselves with the Hijab is in fact a symbol of freedom, rather than one of oppression. Providing them with clear guidelines to love and honour their God.

Free Essays on Countries

Tanzania Tanzania is a country located in southeastern Africa, which is surrounded on the north by Kenya and Uganda, on the east by the Indian Ocean, on the south by Mozambique, Malawi, and Zambia, and on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, and Rwanda. Tanzania includes the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba, and other offshore islands in the Indian Ocean. The total area of Tanzania is 364,900 square miles. Dar es Salaam is the capital and largest city. Tanzania is mostly flat and low along the coast, but a plateau that an altitude of about 4000 feet makes up the greater part of the country. Groups of mountains rise in the northeast and southwest. There is a volcano on the northern border called Kilimanjaro that is about 19,341ft high and is the highest mountain in Africa Three of the great lakes of Africa are on the border of Tanzania. Lake Tanganyika is on the western border, Lake Victoria on the northwest, and Lake Nyasa on the southwest. Lakes Nyasa and Tanganyika are i n the Great Rift Valley. The population of Tanzania is 36,232,074 and consists mostly of members of more than 120 black African groups, the majority of which speak a Bantu language.The largest groups are the Sukuma and the Nyamwezi. The other groups are Haya, Ngonde, Chagga, Gogo, Ha, Hehe, Nyakyusa, Nyika, Ngoni, Yao, and Masai. The population also includes people of Indian, Pakistani, and Goan origin, and small Arab and European communities. Islam is the religion of about one-third of the people on the mainland. Roman Catholicism is the largest Christian denomination of Tanzania. Swahili and English are the official languages of Tanzania, but many people continue to use the language of their ethnic group. Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. It is considered to be the second from the bottom on the poverty scale in Africa. Tanzania does not have enough school for all of the children. Only about 66% of the children are enrolled ... Free Essays on Countries Free Essays on Countries Tanzania Tanzania is a country located in southeastern Africa, which is surrounded on the north by Kenya and Uganda, on the east by the Indian Ocean, on the south by Mozambique, Malawi, and Zambia, and on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, and Rwanda. Tanzania includes the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba, and other offshore islands in the Indian Ocean. The total area of Tanzania is 364,900 square miles. Dar es Salaam is the capital and largest city. Tanzania is mostly flat and low along the coast, but a plateau that an altitude of about 4000 feet makes up the greater part of the country. Groups of mountains rise in the northeast and southwest. There is a volcano on the northern border called Kilimanjaro that is about 19,341ft high and is the highest mountain in Africa Three of the great lakes of Africa are on the border of Tanzania. Lake Tanganyika is on the western border, Lake Victoria on the northwest, and Lake Nyasa on the southwest. Lakes Nyasa and Tanganyika are i n the Great Rift Valley. The population of Tanzania is 36,232,074 and consists mostly of members of more than 120 black African groups, the majority of which speak a Bantu language.The largest groups are the Sukuma and the Nyamwezi. The other groups are Haya, Ngonde, Chagga, Gogo, Ha, Hehe, Nyakyusa, Nyika, Ngoni, Yao, and Masai. The population also includes people of Indian, Pakistani, and Goan origin, and small Arab and European communities. Islam is the religion of about one-third of the people on the mainland. Roman Catholicism is the largest Christian denomination of Tanzania. Swahili and English are the official languages of Tanzania, but many people continue to use the language of their ethnic group. Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. It is considered to be the second from the bottom on the poverty scale in Africa. Tanzania does not have enough school for all of the children. Only about 66% of the children are enrolled ...

French News Vocabulary

French News Vocabulary The French you learn in classes and grammar books is not always enough when dealing with the real world. This list of French vocabulary related to current events will help you understand news in French. la une  - on the front page les achats de prà ©caution  -  panic buying lactualità ©, les actualità ©s  -  news affolà © (adj)  -  panic-stricken allà ©guà © (adj)  -  alleged un appel  -  appeal, call une arme  -  weapon, gun une arme blanche -  knife les armes de destruction massive -  weapons of mass destruction assassiner  -  to murder un attentat  -  attack un attentat-suicide  -  suicide bombing lavortement  -  abortion la banlieue  -  suburb un bilan  -  appraisal, assessment, death toll blessà © (adj)  -  injured, wounded une bombe  -  bomb la canicule  -  heat wave un cas de force majeure​  -  disaster (natural or man-made) les Casques bleus  -  UN peacekeeping forces un casseur  -  rioter une catastrophe aà ©rienne  -  air disaster une catastrophe à ©cologique  -  environmental disaster une catastrophe naturelle  -  natural disaster un cessez-le-feu  -  cease-fire le chà ´mage  -  unemployment un collecte au profit des sinistrà ©s  -  disaster fund un coup dEtat  -  coup detat, overthrow une coupure de courant  -  power outage le crime  -  crime un criminel, une criminelle  -  criminal une crise  -  crisis un cyclone  -  cyclone, hurricane des dà ©gà ¢ts  -  damage le deuil  -  bereavement, mourning un dà ©sastre financier  -  financial disaster un dà ©sastre politique  -  political disaster les drogues (fem)  -  drugs un à ©boulement  -  rockslide une à ©lection  -  election une à ©meute  -  riot une enquà ªte  -  investigation une à ©pidà ©mie  -  epidemic extrader  -  to extradite un feu  -  fire un flic (informal)  -  cop la garde vue  - police custody à ªtre mis/placà © en garde vue  - to be kept in custody, held for questioning le gaz lacrymogà ¨ne  - tear gas un glissement de terrain  - landslide une grà ¨ve (faire la grà ¨ve)  -  strike (to be on strike) la guerre  -  war la grippe aviaire  -  bird flu la grippe porcine  -  swine flu hexagonal  -  French lHexagone  - France un immigrant, un immigrà ©Ã‚  -  immigrant les impà ´ts (masc)  -  tax es un incendie  - fire une inondation  - flood inonder  - to flood un insurgà ©Ã‚  -  insurgent des intempà ©ries  -  bad weather IVG  - abortion​ le kamikaze  - suicide bomber la loi  - law la lutte (literal/figurative) - struggle, fight une manifestation  - demonstration le meurtre  - murder la mondialisation  - globalization une navette spatiale  - space shuttle un obus  - explosive shell opà ©ration escargot  - rolling blockade un ouragan  - hurricane une panne dà ©lectricità ©Ã‚  - blackout, power cut la peine de mort  - death penalty la pà ©nurie  - shortage, lack la police  - police un policier  - police officer la politique  -  politics, policy le politique  -  politician poursuivre en justice  -  to sue le pouvoir dachat  -  buying power prà ©sumà © (adj)  -  alleged un procà ¨s  -  trial le rechauffement de la planà ¨te  -  global warming la rà ©gion sinistrà ©e  - disaster area une rà ©plique  - after-shock, counter-attack la retraite  - retirement un scrutin  - ballot, election un sà ©isme  - earthquake, upheaval selon (prep) - according to un sinistrà ©, une sinistrà ©e  - disaster victim un soldat  - soldier un sondage  - po ll le suicide assistà ©Ã‚  - assisted suicide un syndicat  - union le systà ¨me de santà © publique  -  health care system un tà ©moin  -  witness une tempà ªte  -  storm le terrorisme  -  terrorism tirer (sur)  -  to shoot (at) les titres  - headlines, headline news une tornade  - tornado les transports en commun  - public transit un tremblement de terre  - earthquake une trà ªve  - truce tuer  - to kill un vaccin  - vaccine une victime  - victim (Note that this word is always feminine, even when referring to a man) voter  - to vote

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 71

Assignment Example Other researchers have noted that the successful completion of a course requires online participation. (Nagel, L., Blignaut, A.S., and Cronjà ©, J.C., 2007) The purpose of the study is to know 1) how online participation affected learning and successful course completion, and 2) how the participation influenced the learning community. (Nagel et. al, 2007) The researchers observed students of an 8-week web-based distance learning course which was part of the curriculum for the students’ Masters degree. (Nagel et. al, 2007) Using specialized computer software such as the ATLAS.tiTM and the WebCT Campus edition student tracking tool, the students’ performance and activities online were tracked and analyzed. The findings revealed that active learning participation not only led to a successfully completed course but also a satisfied experience by the learning community. The failure of some students to get a good grade was attributed to, among others, connection problems. Responses showed that accessibility to the online course material was difficult for several learners because of unreliable Internet service, computer issues and financial constraints. Curiously, results also showed that some students had poor Internet connection but relayed this to their facilitator through text messages or phone calls. Thus, they were able to work out deadlines to successfully complete the course. Few postings and comments on discussion boards directly affected student performance as well. The results revealed that those students who just signed in without collaborating with the community members or those who did not put up a significant number of posts or replies ended up with unsatisfactory grades or dropped the course. Low online visibility and participation which encompass a number of students’ roles (Nagel et. al, 2007) resulted to

Motives for the voyages of discovery Research Paper

Motives for the voyages of discovery - Research Paper Example Thesis statement: The research work on the film Conquest of Paradise proves that the protagonist’s motives for his voyages of discovery include his personal motive to prove his worthiness as a sailor, to quench the renaissance spirit by going beyond national boundaries, to find out new lands, to extend European influence to new lands, to plunder gold and wealth from the natives, to find out new sea routes, colonization under the crown, to spread Christianity, and to expand trade and commerce in future years. This section is broadly divided into: personal motive, renaissance spirit, to find out new lands, expansion of European influence, to plunder wealth, to find out sea routes, colonization, religious purposes, and expansion of trade. Personal motive: In the movie, the director makes use of the protagonist’s personal motive (say, to prove his value as a sailor) to unearth the importance of the expeditions of discovery. To be specific, the protagonist decides to fulfil his personal aim by conducting a voyage to unseen lands. Deanne Schultz opines that, â€Å"Despite weak condescension to the counter discourse, the film argues that Columbus deserves restoration to a legacy of greatness.†1 One can see that the protagonist tries to convince Queen Isabella I that he is worthy enough to conduct an expedition. This personal motive to prove oneself as a worthy sailor is inherent in almost all sailors. Still, the protagonist fails to convince the queen because the proposed expedition will result in economic burden. But the protagonist does not give up his personal interest/aim. Instead, he tires his level best to gain a ship and crew members. This proves that the protagonist is so obsessed with his personal motive/interest. So, one can see that the director sheds light into the protagonist’s inner mind and unveils the reason behind his passion towards sailing. Renaissance spirit: The protagonist’s expeditions of discovery in the film are symbolic of the influence of Renaissance that urges individuals to go beyond national boundaries. To be specific, the protagonist represents the spirit of Renaissance to explore the unknown. One can see that Renaissance resulted in geographical discoveries. The protagonist is aware that his expedition can help him to gain glory. But, he does not possess a ship or crew members. Still, his unending passion towards adventure forces him to approach the queen. This passion towards adventure is the essence of Renaissance. Somehow, the protagonist convinces the queen and starts his expedition. The director makes use of the protagonist’s effort to portray the human passion to know the unknown. The protagonist is aware that he cannot fulfil his dreams without seeking help from the queen. Besides, he knew that his voyage can help him to be on the pinnacle of success. The protagonist does not like to an idle individual because his destiny is interconnected with the revolutionary spi rit of Renaissance. One can see that the protagonist’s passion towards his profession and its relationship with the rapid change in European mindset helped him to be victorious in the end. So, the director convinces the viewers and proves that Renaissance spirit guides the protagonist towards his expeditions of discovery. To find out new lands: In the movie, the director makes use of historical facts to prove that the protagonist’s aim was not to reach the mainland of America, but to reach Asia. To be

PESTLE Analysis of UAE

PESTLE Analysis of UAE UAE and its Economy The UAEs rich history is established in exchange and attached to Islam, which went to the locale in AD 630. It has an open economy with a high for every capita salary and a considerable yearly exchange excess. There are numerous effective endeavors made for financial expansion that have diminished the segment of GDP in light of oil and gas yield to 25%. In less than four decades, the country has changed from a tribal society dependent on horticulture and angling to an entrepreneurial example of overcoming adversity with world-class framework. The administration has enhanced instruction (viably taking out ignorance), propelled social insurance and held onto change as the UAE modernizes, steady with its history and social qualities. The UAEs vital arrangement for the following couple of years spotlights on expansion and making more open doors for nationals through enhanced instruction and expanded private part business. The economy performs aggressively in numerous territories of monetary opportunity. Hindrances to exchange are low, and business operations are supported by regulations that bolster open-market arrangements. With a straightforward and positive business atmosphere and a high level of political solidness, the UAE has made a dynamic domain for business visionaries. The United Arab Emirates has progress beyond anyones expectations since its freedom and being the worlds fourth biggest oil-maker; it has changed from a desert land into a place where there is six-path expressways, towering high rises, and lavish green greens. It has additionally been accounted for to be the wealthiest state per head of populace, and the thought to be the business and visitor center of the Middle East. Additionally being the first in the area to allow the outside responsibility for domain, remote interest in into the nation has made it conceivable to make advancement tasks like the Palm Islands and Burj Khalif a. Tourism is one of the significant regions where UAE is producing a great deal of income. The UAE is a part and partakes in numerous universal associations, e.g. the United Nations (UN), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Arab League, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and so on. Today the UAE is an in number, lively and cutting edge country that is interested on the planet. PESTEL Analysis of UAE (P)olitical The United Arab Emirates (UAE) comprises of seven free Emirates. On December 2, 1971 the late President, His Highness (H.H.) Sheik Zayed container Sultan Al Nahyan, brought together six Emirates into a league (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Umm al-Quwain, Fujairah and Ajman). The seventh Emirate, Ras Al-Khaimah, agreed to the new Federation the next year. In 2004, H.H. Sheik Khalifa container Zayed Al Nahyan got to be president and has subsequent to kept on endeavoring towards a yearning vision for the UAE. Each of the seven emirates is administered by a Sheik, who is the pioneer of the most effective tribe in the emirate. Each of the seven emirate rulers is an individual from the Supreme Council, which is the gathering that makes national approach. The pioneer of the biggest emirate, Abu Dhabi, serves as the President of the UAE, and the pioneer of the second biggest, Dubai, serves as Prime Minister and Vice President of the UAE. The U.A.E. has a special political framework in that it unites both customary and cutting edge structures that have empowered the nation to keep up awesome political soundness. (E)conomic The UAE is rich in oil and gas assets, with the vast majority of the oil lying under Abu Dhabi and the greater part of the gas fields found seaward. Oil exchange represents around 25% of the Gross Domestic Product. The economy of the UAE has extended strongly over the previous decade, in spite of the fact that the overall monetary downturn of 2008 and mid 2009 has had a hosing impact. In any case, the UAE is positioned third on the planet regarding normal salary, after Luxembourg and Norway. The UAE is as of now putting vigorously in its assembling area, especially in Abu Dhabi, because of the fall in oil costs throughout the second 50% of 2008. Another reason is that the still-solid monetary development in the UAE is expanding interest for completed items and materials. Abu Dhabi might want to be included in fulfilling those requests with a specific end goal to differentiate the economy. There are presently non-oil and gas mechanical activities in the UAE worth over $20 billion US, and they represent 290,000 employments. In particular, the new monetary ventures are giving apparatus and devices to the development, shipbuilding, retail, power, and base divisions. Notwithstanding being an imperative supplier of vitality, the UAE is presently turning into an inexorably applicable buyer of vitality. The UAE will proceed with its long convention of dependable vitality stewardship as it creates and enhances its economy, quickens the advancement of extra hydrocarbon holds and adds to the improvement and usage of option vitality sources. It has now been a noteworthy zone for sightseers because of its lavishing inns and compelling shorelines. Finance Currency: Emirati dirham (Dh or AED) Exchange rate: Emirati dirhams (AED) per US dollar 3.673 (2012 est.) Gross domestic product: $271.2 billion (2012 est.), $260.7 billion (2011 est.), $247.8 billion (2010 est.) Inflation: 1.1% (2012 est.) Development Rate 4% (2012 est.) Exports: $300.6 billion (2012 est.) Commodities: raw petroleum 45%, regular gas, re-sends out, dried fish, dates Accomplices: Japan 16.2%, India 13.5%, Iran 10.9%, South Korea 5.6%, Thailand 5.5%, Singapore 4.4% (2011) Imports $220.3 billion (2012 est.) Commodities: apparatus and transport hardware, chemicals, nourishment Accomplices: India 19.8%, China 13.7%, US 8.1%, Germany 4.6% (2011) Business Infrastructure: Infrastructure in the UAE is to a great degree all around created after a time of fast advance that saw the development of private, tourism, modern and business offices on a monstrous scale. Foundation in training and human services, traveler offices, power and water era, information transfers, ports and air terminals keep on getting a noteworthy infusion of capital. New streets and scaffolds are being built and open transport frameworks introduced. Right now, UAE is contributing Dh213 billion (US58 billion) on streets and scaffolds alone, incorporating activities in progress and in the arranging stage. (S)ocial Demography Population 5,314,317 (July 2012 est.) Age groups 0-14 years: 20.5% (male 557,603/female 532,303) 15-24 years: 14% (male 440,556/female 301,147) 25-54 years: 61.6% (male 2,497,606/female 774,318) 55-64 years: 3% (male 122,356/female 38,402) 65 years and over: 0.9% (male 31,942/female 18,084) (2012 est.) Religions Muslim (Islam official) 96% (Shia 16%), other (includes Christian, Hindu) 4% Languages Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu Income level The normal month to month family pay of UAE inhabitants is AED18248.60 as indicated by another review by the UAE Ministry of Economy. (T)echnological Communication: UAE has a standout amongst the most developed telecom arranges on the planet. There are more than 6 million cellular telephone accounts, which is particularly momentous since the aggregate populace is a little more than 4 million. There are additionally 1.5 million landline supporters. While a living arrangement visa is needed for the establishment of a landline, cellular telephones with SIM cards are allowed paying little heed to residency. The two information transfers partnerships in the UAE are Etisalat and Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company (EITC), working under the exchange name du. Etisalat held an imposing business model from 1976 to 2006. Around then Etisalat positioned as the 6th biggest partnership in the Middle East. Its administrations incorporate Internet get to, LAN and WAN systems, prepaid telephone administration, cell telephone administration, HQ TV, and nearby information transfers. It offers support for 3G applications and the Blackberry telephones and items. E trade :The UAE eCommerce Summit is the first portion of another yearly occasion that tries to highlight the most recent developments in the eCommerce segment that are advancing a computerized economy in the UAE. The occasion will assemble government substances, eBusiness, eCommerce, eRetailers, eMarketers, SME and industry pioneers, specialists and business visionaries to talk about and highlight the most recent improvements and difficulties to eCommerce in the district. Transport support- The Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) manages transportation inside of the city of Dubai; U.A.E. Its mission is to remain a civil Traffic arrangement supplier. At first began as Dubai transport in 1998, the administration of Dubai redid the framework to bind together its administrations under the brand name RTA in 2006, to oblige the metro and different offices under one name. There is no rail organize in the UAE, yet Dubai has started development on a light rail arrange and has expanded its transport benefits lately to lighten movement clogging. In Dubai, the Metro has altered access to the city and environs, from Rashidiya, past the airplane terminal, to Jebel Ali. The metro runs pretty nearly like clockwork from 6 a.m. to midnight on Saturday through Thursday and 2 p.m. to midnight on Fridays. The timing of the last prepare fluctuates from station to station and ought to be checked before flight. There is a system of feeder transports in operation. Financial transactions: The UAEs managing an account area is satisfactorily resourced to manage worldwide and residential anxiety situations and has taken care of late worldwide monetary turmoil relatively well. Banks noteworthy capital ampleness levels, together with hearty provisioning strategies and acceptable gainfulness, it expressed, upgraded their ability to adapt to real difficulties. All significant Mastercards are accessible and acknowledged in the UAE and the most widely recognized are Visa and MasterCard. It is unprecedented for significant retail locations to offer Visas here so a great many people seek them at any of the real banks. The yearly expenses and premium rates are comparable in many banks, so a candidate regularly picks the bank in view of the undeniably focused bundles being offered, and additionally accommodation, for example, pace of administration, simplicity of installments and availability. Charge cards can likewise be utilized to withdraw money from ATM s, the breaking point for which relies on upon the kind of card one has, extending from 50 for every penny to 75 for each penny of the holders credit limit. Contingent upon the card sort, points of confinement are typically around two or over two times a candidates compensation. Expanding rivalry among banks has driven them to offer alluring bundles to browse. (E)nvironmental Geography and Climate- UAE appreciates a blended primary land condition. UAE falls in a dry region stretching out from crosswise over Asia and North Africa, and it is additionally subject to the same local climatic conditions on the bank of the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. The nation experiences downpours shortage simply like alternate nations in the dry district. Similarly the measure of precipitation in the nation differs from year to year, as likewise the rate of its raining shifts starting with one locale then onto the next. (L)egal Federal Law- At present, the elected arrangement of government incorporates the Supreme Council, the Council of Ministers (Cabinet), a parliamentary body as the Federal National Council (FNC) and the Federal Supreme Court, which is illustrative of an autonomous legal. The Supreme Council chooses a president and VP from amongst them to serve for a renewable five-year term in office. As needs be, the Supreme Council re-chose President H.H. Sheik Khalifa container Zayed Al Nahyan for an additional five-year term in November 2009. The Supreme Council, including the leaders of the seven emirates, has both authoritative and official forces. It sanctions government laws and pronouncements, arrangements general arrangement, endorses the assignment of the executive and acknowledges his renunciation. It likewise eases him from his post upon the proposal of the president. Judicial Branch The legitimate arrangement of the UAE is taking into account a double arrangement of Sharia and common courts. The legalism freedom is ensured by the Constitution of the UAE, and it incorporates the Supreme Court and the Courts of First Instance. Judges are selected by the president. Immigration Law In UAE, the law administering movement is contained in The Federal Law No.6 of 1973. The general principle in regards to outside guests to the UAE is that all guests oblige visas separated from the individuals who are no travel – they are travelers who dont leave the airplane terminal and natives of nations that have been exempted by the Government of UAE. Natives of such nations that have been exempted dont a visa to enter UAE, yet get a guests visa at the port of passageway subsequent to paying the endorsed charges. This current guests visa is legitimate for 60 days and an expansion of the same can be petitioned. Reserve Bank-The Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates is the state foundation in charge of dealing with the money, financial strategy and managing an account regulation in the UAE. The Central Bank of the UAE has forces to issue and deal with the money; to guarantee the dependability of the cash; to deal with the UAEs credit strategy; to create and direct the managing an account framework in the UAE; to go about as the Governments investor; to give fiscal and budgetary backing to the Government; to deal with the UAEs gold and coin stores; to go about as the bank of final resort to banks working in the UAE; and to speak to the UAE in universal establishments, for example, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Arab Monetary Fund. Economic Law Under United Arab Emirates (UAE) law, there are five sorts of business foundations appropriate to remote elements inspired by building up a formal vicinity in the UAE. An organization can make a lasting foundation, build up a branch office, make an element in a UAE free zone, make a common organization (as of now restricted to Sharjah and Dubai), or go into a business office assertion. The UAE Commercial Companies Law obliges that every organization set up in the UAE have one or more UAE national partner(s) who hold no less than 51% of the organizations capital. C. The Intended Business Venture Name of the Organization- Car Utility Description of the service- I am inventing an application in smartphones that would provide consumers to get a regular update about their cars. To create the app, I will register on App Inventor, taking permission from Google. Then, to connect the app with cars, I will register with all the car servicing outlets in UAE. This would allow the consumers to easily use the app by just entering information, such as, car model, mobile number and their car service company when using the app. The app would allow them to get notified on their mobiles when the car needs an upgrade or is facing some critical problem. Moreover, it would act as a reminder, thereby causing consumers to be aware in advance. The app would be named as ‘Go Car’ Reasons for selecting the business- This service is mainly targeted to those people who due to their busy schedule do not have the time or forget when they had last taken their car for service. According to my pestle analysis of UAE, I would concentrate more on social, technological and legal factors. Social- Social factors would contribute to my idea as it concentrates on the working people under the age of 18-64 years. Technological- As Car Utility is creating an application in smartphones; the use of technology will be intensive. Smartphones that have ‘Play Store’ or ‘App Store’ can easily download the application and get benefitted from it. Legal- My organization will be considering legal factors due to registration with car service outlets. In addition, to create ‘Go Car’, my organization will have to take legal authorization from Google. The reasons for making such a business plan is due to the problems that working people face nowadays. As they engage in more activities, they tend to forget situations, such as when they need a car service. This business of creating an application will assist them, thereby making them at ease. Logo of my organization Vision of my organization To develop and change into the most perceived, solid and regarded brand in the auto administration industry, offering creative arrangements, which exceed shopper desires. Mission of my organization We will give the administration and bolster important to maintain long haul development and consumer loyalty by giving less demanding access to the best quality engine administrations at moderate costs through our downloadable application. Besides, we will intend to convey quality, applicable data to our clients from our unlimited pool of database of auto administration suppliers. Objectives of my organization To be a client driven association, and consider this fundamental for our prosperity, by giving phenomenal administrations. Be focused on being open, legit, reliable and conscious in our dealings with our purchasers. Likewise, to turn into the issue solver and opportunity inventor for all clients. To always include esteem by enhancing the productivity and nature of our administration, and fortify the association with our suppliers and clients. To turn into a free group by participating, being proactive and expert, and putting resources into our kin, innovation, quality, consistent learning and enhancement. The Target market The application is mainly designed for working people who barely have time to know when their car needs a service or any unexpected problem, such as oil change. This would include the age group from 18-64 years, making it 78.5% of UAE’s population. Not only will the application inform the consumers, but will also be a reminder until they go and check their car.

Fruit and vegetable consumption among young adults Essay

The World Health Organisation is predicting that chronic disease will account for over sixty per cent of deaths; with 41 million deaths by 2015.1 Up to 80% chronic disease could be prevented by eliminating tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and the harmful use of alcohol.2 Chronic disease and obesity in Australia are continuing to contribute to premature death and burden of disease.3 Cardiovascular disease and cancer remain the main causes of disease burden and type 2 diabetes prevalence has trebled in the last ten years and is expected to be the leading cause of disability and death by 2023.4 The rapid rise in diabetes incidence and prevalence is thought to be due to the rising rate of obesity.5 61% of Australian adults, using measured BMI are currently either overweight or obese6 , with younger age groups gaining weight more quickly than previous generations.7 Approximately 32% of Australia’s total burden of disease can be attributed to modifiable risk factors. 4 Considerable reductions in morbidity and mortality from diet-related diseases could be achieved if the population increases healthy eating behaviours including increasing the consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV).8 Fruit and vegetable consumption is strongly linked to the prevention of chronic disease and to achieving better overall health.9 Internationally up to 2.6 million deaths and 1.8 % of global burden of disease is attributable to low FV consumption. Inadequate FV intake in Australia is thought to be responsible for 2.1% of the overall burden of disease.10 Increasing individual FV intake could reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease by 31%.11 In particular reviews of studies have indicated that FVs reduce the risk of developing cancer12; cardiovascular disease13 and obesity.14,15 A meta-analysis of studies investigating FV intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes indicated no significant benefits for increasing FVs but an increase in green leafy vegetables could sign ificantly reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes.16 The mechanism of action is thought to be related to their micronutrient, antioxidant, phytochemical and fibre content.17 Current recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption Based on  available evidence the World Cancer Research Fund recommends eating at least 400g of non-starchy vegetables and fruits per day (2007).12 The Australian Dietary Guidelines recommend that Australians consume a minimum of two serves of fruit and five serves of vegetable daily.9 Current consumption patterns are well below these figures. Data on FV consumption in Australia is collected predominantly via validated short questions as part of the National Health Survey. This self reporting of FV consumption does incorporate a number of errors related to the ability of individuals to determine serve sizes18 and the validity and reliability of the short questions. Alternative measures of FVs, predominantly food frequency questionnaires have been determined for different age groups19, 20. For adults the most recent determination of FV intake indicates that only 56% of females and 46% of males over the age of 15 are eating t he recommended serves of fruit and 10% of females and 7% of males over the age of 15, are eating the recommended serves of vegetable daily. 15 The 2007 national children’s nutrition and physical activity survey used a combination of multipass 24 hour food recalls and food frequency and indicated that only 1-2% of older children were consuming three serves of fruit and only 1-11% of older children met the guideline for vegetable consumption21. In another survey specifically looking at young adults 34-43% of those aged 19-24 year olds met the daily fruit consumption guidelines of two serves a day but only 8-10% of young adults ate the recommended five serves per day of vegetable.3, 22 Low consumption of FVs is, therefore, an issue across the spectrum of age groups. While young adults do not necessarily have FV intakes any worse than older adults and children, the lack of overt medical problems has meant that the 18-24 year old age group have received little attention.23 Given that fewer young adults consume the recommended serves of vegetable, strategies that focus solely on vegetables would appear to be appropriate . Young adulthood is a critical age for weight gain24; and in the United States the transition from high school to college is a potential period of rapid weight gain increasing the risk of obesity in later adulthood.25 Chronic conditions are a significant challenge for Australia’s young people because these conditions can affect normal growth and development, quality of life,  long-term health and wellbeing, and successful participation in society, education and employment.3 Studies predominantly undertaken in the United States and Europe are contradictory with respect to whether food habits are positively or negatively affected in the transition to independence. In one study students living independently were more likely to consume a healthy diet than their counterparts living at home. Independent living may increase responsibility of various food-related activities such as budgeting, purchase, preparation and cooking which young adults living at home have not yet developed.26 Other research however indicates that dependent students consume more FVs – independent students may take more responsibility for their food choices while dependent students may be controlled by the primary care-givers.27 It should be noted that the transition from highschool to university in Australia is not necessarily marked by a move out of the family home as it does in the United States, Canada and parts of Europe. Living on campus or in university-provided accommodati on is only undertaken by a small percentage of students in Australia. In 2008, there were almost 3 million young people aged 15–24 years in Australia, accounting for 14% of the total population.3 In addition the majority of Australians who start a course at a higher education institution are aged between 15 and 34 years of age and in 2009 more than 45% of young adults aged 18-24 years were enrolled in a course of study leading to a degree or diploma qualification.28 Universities and other higher education institutions would therefore be an appropriate setting to target individuals in this age group. Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption The National Public Health Partnership identified the primary determinants of FV consumption to inform the development of strategies.29, 30 These are outlined in the table below. Table 1 Identification of determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption Determinant Objectives Food supply Increase and sustain access to high quality, safe, affordable FVs Awareness Increase the proportion of the population aware of the need to increase consumption of FVs Attitude/Perceptions Increase the proportion of the population who perceive the benefits of FVs in terms of taste, convenience, low relative cost, safety and health. Knowledge Increase the proportion of the population with the knowledge of the recommended minimum intakes of FVs Skills to purchase and prepare Increase the proportion of the population with the knowledge, skills and confidence to select and prepare convenient low cost, tasty FV dishes For children, adolescents and adults, previous consumption or exposure to FVs, knowledge, awareness, preparation skills and involvement in food preparation, lack of time and taste preference have all been implicated in the consumption of FVs .31,32,33 From an environmental perspective, availability of FVs within home, school and community settings plays a significant role in promoting FV consumption.32, 34 Those who report eating home grown produce have significantly higher intakes of FVs while poor accessibility to shops and high FV prices have been shown to have a negative impact on FV consumption.35, 36 The presence of a major food retailer in an area has been associated with improved FV consumption.37 In Australia, the evidence is less clear-cut with those living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas having similar opportunities to purchase FVs when compared to those in levels of higher advantage.38 Recent work has indicated that price and availability in disadvantaged areas are similar to those in more advantaged areas but that quality could be seriously compromised, which could impact purchasing behaviour.39 FV prices have been identified as a significant barrier in FV consumption with intakes among those of lower and middle socioeconomic positions more price responsive than their higher socioeconomic position counterparts (Powell et al 2009).40 The national public health partnership identified the lack of recognition of the low relative cost of FVs as a barrier to consumption.29 However, given the recent rapid increase in FV prices identified by the Australian Bureau of Stati stics (15.5% increase for  fruit and 11.4% increase for vegetables in the December 2010 quarter) the perception of cost now may be a reality and a significant barrier to consumption.41 For young adults at university many of the determinants described above are applicable. In addition, access to cooking facilities and equipment, increased availability of unhealthy and convenience foods choices, lack of access to transport, cost of food, lack of time to prepare and to shop, lack of knowledge and of cooking skills were all identified as barriers to FV consumption.42, 43 Given the increased mobility of young adults a focus on home or school may not be sufficient. Recent research indicates that 40% of eating occasions for young adults were on average 6.7 miles (10.5 km) away from their primary place of residence regardless of whether they were living with care-givers or independently.44 This being the case proximity may play a relatively minor role in an individual’s food choices. Instead decisions may be based on a complex web including food quality, pricing, variety, availability, travel patterns, social or cultural influences and various other factors.44 Strategies Based on the determinants and using the Ottawa Charter as a framework, strategies can be divided into two primary categories those that build personal skills and those that create supportive environments. The majority of interventions have not been undertaken with the target group but rather with children (primarily in school settings) and adults. Work with the young adult age group however has highlighted that there is a general lack of understanding about motivators25 but that negative health outcomes are not particularly relevant and the focus should be more on taste.45 Social and environmental cues, on the other hand, could be especially significant.46 In Australia, the broadest population campaign has been Go for 2 and 5. This media campaign began in Western Australia and has since been implemented nationally and in each individual state. The campaign primarily aimed to increase FV consumption through the increased awareness and knowledge of the benefits of FVs, ways to cook FVs and serve size awareness. Evaluation has indicated that the campaign was successful in reaching the target audience and achieving increased awareness of recommended serves of FVs. The Western Australian campaign achieved an average increase of 0.5 of a serve.28 Primary target groups have been children and adults, adolescents and young adults have not been a focus. Education strategies have included embedding curricula in primary and secondary schools and providing regular newsletters to increase knowledge.47 For children and adolescents other successful strategies focus on creating supportive environments combined with elements of education including the provision of free or subsidised fruit either directly or through the provision of tasting programs, snacks, gardening or cooking. 47,48, 49, 50 Within more community settings, interventions have included point of purchase information, reduced pricing, promotion and advertising and increased availability and variety.51 However, there is little evaluation of the effectiveness of these strategies for improving fruit and vegetable consumption in the wider community. Very few of these interventions have been trialled with young adults as the target group. For the few programs that have focussed on young adults the strategies have centred on the development of personal skills through the provision of education either as on-line individualised programs25; tailored individualised counselling52; newsletters promoting FV intake23; and via a general nutrition course to enable students to move from knowledge to application.53 All of these showed modest short term increases in FV intake, a lack of data means that long term establishment of behaviour has not been determined. Based on the available evidence there is a need to focus on increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among young adults. Given the large numbers of young adults at tertiary institutions – universities are an appropriate setting. There are few strategies that particularly focus on young adults in the Australian context. However, based on the underlying determinants, strategies should focus on improving knowledge, awareness and preparation skills, changing taste preferences, increasing availability of FVs within local settings, reducing the cost of FVs in selected settings. The development of a comprehensive, multi-strategy program specifically addressing increased fruit and vegetable consumption is required in order to  improve general health outcomes and specifically reduce the risk of chronic disease. References 1. World Health Organisation. (2005). Preventing Chronic Diseases: A Vital Investment. World Health Organisation Geneva. 2. World Health Organisation. (2008). 2008-2013 Action Plan for the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases. World Health Organisation: Geneva. 3. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2010). Australia’s Health 2010. Canberra, AIHW. Australia’s Health Series no. 12. Cat. no. AUS 122. 4. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australia’s Health 2008. (2008). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Canberra. Available from: http://www.aihw.gov.au/publications/index.cfm/title/10585. 5. Colagiuri, R., Colagiuri, S., Yach, D. and Pramming S. (2006). The answer to diabetes prevention: science, surgery, service delivery, or social policy? American Journal of Public Health 96.9:1562–9. 6. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2009). Summary of Results National Health Survey 2007-2008. Cat #: 4364.0 h ttp://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/4364.0Main%20Features42007-2008%20(Reissue)?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=4364.0&issue=2007-2008%20(Reissue)&num=&view= Accessed February 24th 2011 7. Allman-Farinelli, M.A., Chey, T., Bauman, A.E., Gill, T., and James, W. P. T. (2007). Age, period and birth cohort effects on prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian adults from 1990 to 2000. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62: 898-907. 8. McCullough, M. L., Feskanich, D., Stampfer, M. J., Giovannucci, E. L., Rimm, E. B., Hu, F. B., Spiegelman, D., Hunter, D.J., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W.C. (2002). Diet quality and major chronic disease risk in men and women: moving toward improved dietary guidance. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 76(6): 1261-1271. 9. Department of Health and Ageing. (1998). Australian Guide to Healthy Eating. Canberra: DHA. 10. Begg S, Vos T, Barker B, Stevenson C, Stanley L & Lopez AD 2007. The burden of disease and injury in Australia 2003. AIHW cat. no. PHE 82. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 11. Lock, K., Pomerleau, J., Causer, L., Altmann, D.R., McKee, M. (2005). The global burden of disease attributable to low consumption of fruit and vegetables: implications for the global strategy on diet. Bulletin of the World Health Organization